What are the requirements to fly VFR over the top (OTT)?

To fly VFR (Visual Flight Rules) over the top (OTT), it is essential to ensure that both TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast) and GFA (Graphical Area Forecast) criteria are satisfied. This means that the pilot must consider both the weather conditions predicted at the destination and any en route conditions that could affect safety.

The TAF provides specific weather forecasts for airports over a 24 or 30-hour period, which includes expected wind, visibility, and significant weather changes. Pilots need to confirm that the TAF is valid for their planned flight duration, assessing conditions before departure and during the flight.

The GFA provides a broader view of weather conditions over an area and is particularly important for flights that will be operating above the cloud layer or when visibility is limited. Checking the GFA helps ensure that the overall weather conditions in the region support safe VFR flight.

Successfully meeting both TAF and GFA criteria allows a pilot to ensure a high degree of safety while operating OTT, where maintaining visual references with the ground can be challenging. This requirement underscores the importance of comprehensive weather planning and situational awareness for VFR operations.